Air-gun.



u@ 841,815. PATENTBIANfzz, i901. P. H. QUACKBNBUSH.

AIR GUN. n APPLIOATIOI FILED SEPT. 27, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

anwntoz z aw QQM `and the false UNITED sTAT-ns PATENT oFFIoE.

PAUL H. QUACKENBUSH, OF HERKIHER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY M. QUACKENBUSH,

OF HERKlMER, NEW YORK.

AIR-GUN.

To all 20711011?, it 11mg) concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL H. QUACKEN- Busn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Herkimer, in the county of Herkimer and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Air-Guns, of which the foliowing is a. specification.

My present invention pertains to air-guns, the construction and advantages of which will be hereinafter set forth, re erence being had to the annexed drawings, wherein- Figure l is a lor fritudinal vertical sectional vieu' of the gun, t-ne parts being in position for firing; Fiff. 2, a similar View on an enlarged scale, the parts being shown in the p0- sition which they occupy when the gun'is cocked and before the cylinder and false barrel are drawn forward; Fig.l 3, a like view, the piston being shown as moved rearwardly with its iinpelling-spning under compression and the true barrel moved forn-ardly in position to receive the charge; F ig. 4, a bottom plan view of u portionof the frame or hoiising the housing being shown in section and the false barrel with the compression-cylinder being moved inwardlyi Fig. 6, atransverse sectional View on the line 6 of F ig. 3; Fig. 7, a like view on the line 7 7 of Fig. 3; Fig. 8, a perspective view of the combined spring and scar; Fig. 9, a sectional'-view of a slightly- .modihed form ot' construction and Fig. 10, a erspoctive View', partly broken away, of the 'nu iroved packi member or Washer.

he object of t e invention is to provide a sinipie and effective gun that is easy of manipluntion and in which the working parts are durable and so inclosed as to be thor- With this and other obf'ects, which will e, pea-r morel fuliy from t 1e speciiication, in view I will now. describe the invention in detail, reference being first had to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive.

A denotes the stock of the gun, and B the fore-stock, here shown as formed of a single piece. At the a proximate point of junction of the fore-stoe and stock roper there is provided sn opening into which extends the lower end ol' a )in or post C, the upper end of which slight y tapered andmakes a driving .fit with the openings formed in the rear end of the cylindricaiframe or housing D and in an `Specification of Letters Patent. Application niet: September 27, 1906. Serill No. 338.503.

aarrel; Fig. 5, a similar view,v

PatenteduJan. 22, 1907.

abutment and filling-block E, mounted in the rear end of said housing.' The forward end of the'housing is secured to the fore-stock by a threaded stemF and a thumb-nut G, mounted u on the outer end thereof. The inner end o .the stem is riveted to the forward end of the trig fers ring H, said spring in' turn being secured to tlhe housing by screws I, which pass into threaded openings tapped in downwardly-projecting osses J, formed in the housing.

The stock and fore-stock are, as shown in 1.1. n. ..`.....-'.J -,...L Dig. U, su .LuiIl-d un tu jriuv'lu 1 1. 68u G bl" ing-surface for the heusi Thus when the post F is passed through ltle housing and the nut G turned to the full extent the hous' -J will be drawn firmly to position and hletll against disolacernent. y

A sear h is struck u from'the spring H, the rear end'of the spring being bent downwardly, slit-ted longitudinally, and provided with a threaded opening, through which is passed an adj usting-screvf L, the Sear passing through an opening formed in the nousing, While the screw bears against the housing and limits the upward movement of the scar.

A trigger M, having the general form of an elbow-leverl is pivoted to a post or stud N, secured in a boss O, formed in the housing, the forward end of the trigger heilig slotted or notched and engaging the rear or free end of the combined spring and sear. Normally the spring holds the senr elevated in position to engage the forward face of the plunger P'. Said plunger is of such diameter as to make a neat fit with the bore of the frame or housing and is mounted on the rear end of a stem or rod Q, which carries at its forward end'the piston, conllprising in its.prvferred form a solid head und 'a packing Washer or inembe'r S. Y

A piston-,actuating spring T is mounted vwithin the housing between the block E :ind the rear face of the plimger P. 'Within the forward portion of the housing is siidably mounted a cylindrical member or compression-chamber J, which is formed integral with the false or vouter barrci V. The forward end of the chamber is defined by a relatively heavy wall or partition 7, provided with a central. opening X. An npertured yielding Washer Y is fitted in the forward end of the cylinder and receives the impact of the los . barrel.

x 5 outer face of the cylinder is provided with a longitudin ally-disposed groove or channel B',

Figs. 5 and 6, into which project t,wo lugs Cf,

Fig. 47 formed by a slight displacement of the metal of the housing. This arrangement zo insures the breech-opening D (which is formed by cutting away the false barrel ad jacent to the forward end of the cylinder) being held in its proper ositiora The false barrer, preferably on its under a 5 side, is formed with a longitudinally-disposed slotE, which at its forward end is deflected, forming a'cam-surface F and a locking-shoulder F. l

G denotes the true barrel, the forward end -3o of which is supported in a-block H', mounted in the outer portion of the false barrel and held against outward movement by the inwardly-projecting end ofthe forward sight I', which is screwed into and through the false.

The block is maintained against in- 'Ward movement by a'coiled spring J', one end ofwhich bears against the block,\\'hile the opposite end bears against the forward face of the breech-block K', which is secured to the 40 true' barrel adjacent to its rear end. A

Washer L', 0f suitable yielding material, the outer face of which is preferably convex, is mounted on the rear portion of the true barrel, the adjacent end of said barrel, which is slightly beveled, projecting beyond the same, so that said projecting end may enter the forward enlarged portion of the opening X 'when the breech is closed, the washer at such time makin a tight joint between the true 5o barrel and t e cylinder.

Normally spring J serves to' hold the parts in the position just noted; but 1n order to automatically lock the breech-block in lts o en osition, so that the gun may be loaded,

t e b ock is provided with a laterally-extending handle or l-:nob M', which projects through the slot E.

As the user forces the false barrel rearwardlyvthe true barrel moves with it until A6o the handle strikes the forward end of the housin when further rearward movement of the' xandle and true barrel are prevented. 'As the rearward rectilinear movcmentofthe false barrel is continued for the urpose of fcrcingthe piston and plunger bac and putting the spring T under compression, (see Fig. 2,) handle M remains stationary until the cam-face F strikes the same and moves it laterally, causing it to pass behind thelocking-shoulder F2, the spring J meanwhile be ing placed under a greater degree of compression than when in its normal position.

After the combined false barrel and compression-cylinder have been moved real'- wardly to their full extent and scar K passes up in iron-tof plunger' P the false barrel and cylinder are moved forwardly until shoulder Z bears against theflange A of the housing. The parts will then be in the positions shown in Fig. 3 with *he breech-block locked open, so that a dart, slug, or other charge may be readily inserted into the true barrel. After the charge has been introduced the breech is closed by merely turning thehandle or knob .\l from behind the locking-shoulder F 2, when the breech-block will be forced 'backn by vspring J and a tight union ell'ected and maintained between the. true barrel and the cylinder. I

Any retrograde movement of the cylinder and its attached parts into the housing when the gun is in condition for loading or tiring is prevented by the conjoint action of spring T and sear K. Spring T serves to force the plunger forward and sear is'. acts to restrain such movement; but inasmuch as the scarv bears at Vone side onlyT of the plunger said plunger has a tendency totlp while thus restrained, which tendency is transmitted through rod Q to the piston, thereby causing ICO the piston to bear with sutlicient force against one side of .the cylinder to prevent its inward movement, even though the arm be held in a vertical position.

In Fig. 9 a slightly-modified form of con-` struction is shown, in which A2 denotes the housing, B2 the false barrel, and C2 the c linder formed as a rearward extension o the false barrel and located within the husing.

D2 indicates the true barrel, which in this' instance may be fixed to the false barrel so A- that the two do not have a relative movement.

l The. .piston E2 in this form is shown as cy lindrical and as provided at its rear end with a flange F2, adapted to be engaged by the sear when the spring Gz is placed under compression 'byA the inward or rearward movcment of the barrels and cylinder. This form of piston may be employed with the arm" constructed as heretofore described.

The .arm shown in F ig. 9 is of course a. muzzle-loader, the two barrels being relatively fixed. It is likewise obvious that a magazinefloading arrangement maybe used in conjuction with this forni of arm', itnot being deemed essential to illustrate the same,

as such magazine arrangements are well known The'form of arm lllustrated nl Figs. 1 to izo" S may be readily converted into a muzzlehinder by screwing out the handle M', the two barrels their becoming relaiivelgv tixed and moving rearwardly and forwardly to- .-AsWiIl be noted upon reference to the drn'wings, both in the main and modified forms the washer or member S is provided with .sin aimular cut o at a slight distance `from its perpihery, thereby leaving or form- -sind the movable parts are thoroughly protect-ed. The arm may be easily assembled and taken apart, as will be readil)P under- Vstood by those skilled in the nit from a mere ff inspection of the drawings. Fu "rnermore,

the construction of the arm is'such that there is no danger of the esel-"s 'lingers being caught should the gun be accidentally discharged immediately after it is cocked and 4before the hn 'rel is drawn forward.A In many makesl of breakdown guns this` danger exists, find it also exists to av greater or less exten-i, in other forms.

The arm is equally adapted to slugs, darts, or shot, and any size projectile may be used b merely inserting the desired bore of tubing into the breech-bleek, or, in other werds, substituting one true barrel for another.

Having thus described my invention, what t l claim is- 1. In an nir-gum the combination of a housing; a false barrel; ii compression-cylinder connected to the false barrel und slidably mounted Within and whollyr inclosed by the housing; n. piston working in the cylinder; an impelling-spring for the piston inclus-ed within the rear portion of the housing; and a. true barrel communicating with the compression- 'cylindeiz I 2. ln an air-gun, the combination of' a barrel; a compressiori-cylinder formii'ig a. rearward 'extension of the barrel; a housing wholly ii'iclosing the cylinder and serving to limit the forward*movement of the cylinder therein; a pistor'i; und a spring for the piston, said spring being adapted and arranged to be 3. In an ningun, the combination, oi a barrel; n compressioli-cylinder forming a reni'- ward extension thereof; a piston working in the cylinder, av spring serving nmmaliy to force the piston forwardly; nseari'or holding the piston against the action of its impellingspring; andaI housing whollyv inciosing the cylinder and its attendant. parte ,and serving under eonipression by a rearward' movementof the false barrel and cylinder.

to limit the forward movement oi' the cylinder. v

4. ln an air-gun, the combination oli a bar rel; n cylinder forming a rear\\'ard extension' thereof: a, piston working in thefcylinder; a springpressed plunger connected to thepiston; a housing wholl)T inclosing thecylinder, plunger and vspring; and a senr for engaging the plunger.

.-3. ln an air-gun, the combination of n barrel; a 'cylinder formed a rearward extension thereof; a piston.Worliiiigrin said c vlinder; a spring-pressed plunger connected b r aistein to said piston: a. spring located in rear of the plunger; and a housing whollr inclosing the cylinder', plunger and spring.

6. In an air-gun, the combination of a c viindrical housing provided at its foi-ward end with nn .n.nnular inwardly-pi'ojecting flange; a barrel; a cylinder forming a rearward extension of the barrel and movable to and fro in the housing, said cylinder likewise having a shoulder which coacts Lith the [lange to n'event withdrawal of the cylinder from the housing; a piston working in the cylinder; and a spring for impi-fliing the. piston. e

7. Inanair-gnn, the combination of a false barrel; a. col1pression-c-vlinder connected to the rear end of the false barrel and movable therewith: a piston working in the c) linde V ii housing wholly inclosing the cylinder a nd piston; aspring mounted within and inclosed by the housing, 'one end of the. spring bearing against the piston while the opposite end thereof bears against the rear portion of thev housing; and a. true barrel communicating with the forward end of the cylinder.

In an air-gun, the combination ofi-:iy stock; n. housing; a block mounted in the rear end of the housing; a pin secured in the housing and block und having its lower end seated in an opening formed in the stock; a combined t-riggerspring und scar; means for securing` the forward end of the spring tothe housing; a stem secured to said spring and extending through an opening fori'ned in thc fore-stock; a nut mounted on said stein; an air-compression mechanism mounted in the housing; and n barrel in communication with t-he compression mechanism. v

S). In Aan air-gun, the combination of a housing; a false barrel; a compression-cylinder forming a rearward extension of said barreliond slidably mounted in the housing; a piston; u spring for actuating said. piston; n true barrel slid abl v mounted in said false. bnri'el but 'nornially movable therewith; and means for arresting the movement of the true barrel and locking it in such arrested position as the false barrel is moved to the. iull extent of its rearward movement in the, act. of placing the spring under compression. t

10. In an airgun, the. combination of a false barrel; a true barrel slidabl mounted therein; a spring serving'norinal y to press roo IIO

' wardly; and a lock serving to hold the true said true barrel rearwardly; and a lock serv'- iiig to hold the true barrel forwardly with the spring under compression.

1.1. In an air-gun, the combination of a.

i false barrel provided with a breech-opening;

a true barrel slidably mounted therein; a spring acting to iiiove said true. barrel rearbarrel forwardly against the action of the. spring, with the inner end of lthe true barrel in line with the breech-opening, whereby Vthe charge may be readily introduced into said inner end of the true `barrel' through the breech-opening.

12. In an air-gun, the combination of a false barrel provided with a. breech-opening; a true barrel slidably and rotatably mounted therein; a spring serving normally to move thel true barrel rearwardly and thereby to close the breech-opening; and means to rotate and lock the true barrel when its inner .end is in line with the breech-opening, whereby a charge may be readily introduced into said true barrel through Said breech-opening.' 13. In an air-gun, the. combination of `a housing; a false barrel having a breech-open- 4 ing; a'compression-eylinder formed as a rear- -'secured to thetiiie barrel and project-ing Isc throng-h. a slot formed in tlie-l'alsebarrel, said slot havingr a cam-face and a locking-shoulder, the slot being located ad'aeentto the inner or rear end of the false barrel, whereby when the false bai-rel and cylinder are moved inwardly toicompress the piston-spring, thel e'ndwise movement of the true barrel will be arrested and it will be locked with its inner end in line with the forward end of t'l'ieibreechopening.

14. In an air-gun, housing; a false barrel foi-med with a .breecho ening; a cylinder formed as an extension o` the false barrel and slidably mounted inA the housing; lug's extending inwardly from the housing into a way or chazin'el formed iii the side of the cylinder; a piston; a spring for actuating the piston and adapted to be placed under compression by the inward' movenientof the cylinder; a true barrel provided with a breech-block; a sprintr acting to the combination o f a move the block beneath the breech-opening and to bring the true barrel into operative relation with the cylinder; and a handle exe tending outwardly from the .bri'eech-bhxik through a slot formed in the false barrel ad jacent to its inner end, said slot having a cam-` face and a locking-shoulder. 4

'15.' In an air-gun, the combination of a false'barrel provided with a breech-opening' and with an aperture in'its end wall; a true barrel slidabl mounted within the false barrel; a breech- )lock carried by the true barrel adjacent to its inner end; a washer also carried by the' true barrel and bearingat one sideagainst the breech-block; and a spring- -serving to move the true barrel rearwardly and thereby to project the rear end, of Athe true barrel into the aperture aforesaid, to close the breech-opening, and to effect a tight joint between the washer-and the end wall of t-lie false barrel.

v16. In an air-gun, the .combination ofa false barrel provided ith 'a breech-o ening; a true barrel mounted therein; a breeca-biock vsecured to the :inner end of the true barrei, said block being of such a diameter as to properly position the true barrel; a bearingblock mounted within the foiward end of the l'alse barrel and serving as a supportgfor the forward end of the true barrel; a spring encircling the true barrel andbearing at its opposite ends against the blocks aforesaid;

and a sight extending-through the false bar-4 rel, the inner end of the sight standing in front of the bearingfblock and serving thereby to hold said block in place. i

17. In an air-gun, the combination of a barrel fi com pi'essionecyhnder a piston work Y ing in the cylinder; and a packing membery secured-to the forward end of the piston, said packing member having an annular cut or iiicision in its forward face, whereby a. peripheral lip is formed, while the main oily ofthe washer is kept intact.

18. In' an a1rgun, the combination of a barrel' a com ression-c 'liiider' a iston: and

a, packing-washer of flexible material secured to the'forward tace of the pistn, said washer having -aii annular cut' or incision made in its forward face adjacent toits periphery. A p x In testimony whereof I havesigned my vname to this specication in the'presenre of two subscribin witnessest PA L H. QUACKENBUSII.' Witnesses: l

' H. M. imcicexiiusii, CiiAs. BUnmLL.

IIO 

